Volume 26 Issue 3 2026

This article addresses with the effect of the permeability constant on blood flow attributes by treating blood as a nanofluid passing through a branched artery. The branched artery contains a tiny stenosis within the primary lumen, which is surrounded by a porous medium. Division of the considered artery is believed to be symmetric about its own axis of finite length. The physical scenario is described as a mathematical model and then solved by using the Block elimination strategy executed with MATLAB. Variations in temperature, velocity, flow rate, and impedance with respect to the permeability parameter are analyzed graphically. Present findings are helpful to the doctor’s fraternity to make analyses and draw conclusions about arterial diseases

This paper presents a fully coupled Multiphysics finite element modal analysis of a Truncated Magnetoelectric Shell (TMEE) consisting of a Barium Titanate (BaTiO₃) piezoelectric layer and a Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) magnetostrictive layer arranged in a truncated cone (frustum) geometry. Simulations were performed in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 using simultaneous Solid Mechanics, Electrostatics, and Magnetic Fields physics interfaces. Four boundary conditions were investigated: Clamped-Clamped (CC), Clamped-Free (CF), Simply Supported-Clamped (SS-C), and Simply Supported-Simply Supported (SS-SS). Up to 8 Eigen frequencies were extracted for each case, and their 3D displacement-magnitude mode shapes were visualised on a revolved geometry. Results reveal an eigen spectrum spanning approximately 310–990 Hz across all four configurations. These findings offer comprehensive design guidance for tuning MEE shell resonance by selecting support conditions.

Accurate characterization of the geoclimatic factor is essential for reliable terrestrial radio link design in coastal tropical environments, where strong moisture variability often induces anomalous propagation conditions. This study presents a data-driven framework for predicting the geoclimatic factor over Toru-Orua, a Niger Delta coastal location, using ERA5 reanalysis data and machine learning techniques. Monthly meteorological variables spanning 2015–2025, including surface temperature, dew point temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure, and wind speed, were used as input predictors. Multiple models were evaluated, comprising Random Forest (RF), Extra Trees (ET), and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR). The results indicate that Gradient Boosting Regression substantially outperform other tree-based ensemble models, achieving the highest predictive accuracy with MAE, RMSE, and coefficient of determination (R²) of 5 × 10−6, 10−6 and 0.76 respectively. The winner model performance closely reproduces observed seasonal variability of geoclimatic. Feature importance analysis reveals that moisture-related parameters, particularly dew point temperature, dominate geoclimatic factor variability, underscoring the critical role of atmospheric water vapour in coastal radioclimatic processes. The findings are consistent with previous studies in southern Nigeria and demonstrate the suitability of ERA5-driven machine learning models for improved fade margin estimation, interference mitigation, and robust planning of terrestrial line-of-sight radio communication systems in humid tropical regions.

The study of the effect of physicochemical parameters of various sawdusts on the bioremediation of crude oil polluted water environment was carried out to determine the level of adsorption rate of crude oil in water bodies. Various particle size of sawdust were used 0.5 mm, 1.18 mm, 2.80 mm, 3.35 mm and 6.30 mm and the rate of adsorption in order of magnitude is 6.30 mm > 3.35 mm > 2.80 mm >1.18 mm > 0.5 mm for palm tree <mango < bamboo sawdust as revealed in the research work. The results obtained revealed that moisture content influence the rate of adsorption of the crude oil as well as microbial activity for the various samples studied. The microorganisms present in the different sawdust’s were isolated and identified as Bacillus species with total bacteria count of 1.60 x 106 cell/ml, 1.28 x 106 cell/ml and 1.4 x 106 cell/ml for mango, bamboo and palm tree sawdust. The experimental data obtained from the research was used in simulating the developed mathematical model which leads to the computation of the specific rate of adsorption and the determination of the maximum specific rate of adsorption and the equilibrium rate of the system. These were achieved by the application of LineWeaver Burk plot principle and findings indicate that all the various sawdust used for the studies are capable of enhancing bioremediation of polluted environment in both surface and underground water (salt water river and underground water from tap) were sampled for this research work.

Hydrophilic matrices are extensively accepted and widely used for oral controlled release (CR) drug delivery systems. Recently, in addition to HPMC, polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been used in the pharmaceutical industry because of its availability in a range of molecular weights, wide regulatory acceptance, and high water-swellability and erosion characteristics (1). As PEO is sensitive to thermal oxidation, it might also be susceptible to free radical oxidative attack. It has been shown that the properties of PEO were subjected to changes because of degradation. The mode, extent and mechanism of degradation are strongly dependent on the intensity and duration of the physical and chemical stresses, to which the polymer is exposed (2). Drug solubility is one of the primary parameters that dictate drug release and dissolution from solid dosage forms. An increase in drug solubility enhanced the diffusion of the drug out of the matrix along with elevated matrix hydration. Moreover, low solubility drugs caused depletion in polymer erosion rates, thus limiting drug release. This is due to insoluble drug particles residing in the gel layer and decreasing the level of swelling and bond formation strength of the polymer chains (3, 4). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of drug solubility and accelerated ageing (40 °C) on drug release from aged high molecular weight PEO 303 matrices.

In both rural and urban areas, supplying adequate water to meet increasing population water demand is a major challenge faced by decision-makers in developing countries like Nigeria. This is as a result of the failure of conventional or municipal water supply systems to meet the challenges of providing clean water for the populace. People result to digging shallow and deep wells indiscriminately to supplement their daily water needs. As a result, the groundwater table would have been falling, causing hydrological imbalance. Domestic Roof-water Harvesting (DRWH) and groundwater recharge provide innovative solution to the inadequate water supply. In this study, a complete RWH technology was designed and constructed for a household, where public water system was non-existent. The RWH technology was incorporated into the existing shallow well water system. Water samples from the RWH system and shallow well were analysed using standard methods. With roof area of 70 m2, 21 m3 reservoirs was required for dry period. The Hardness, Alkalinity, Chloride, Iron and Nitrate of the harvested water showed values of 20.0, 21.0, 15.0, 0.2 and 2.0 mg/l respectively while pH was 6.8. The values were below WHO guideline limits for drinking water. Safety measures were taken to ensure that the harvested rainwater was of good quality. The study revealed that RWH technology is a viable and reliable water supply option in both urban and rural areas for domestic purposes.

Biodegradation was carried out in this work using Bacillus cereus (H23B00108), which was isolated from marine soil that was polluted with plastic and obtained from Tenneti Park in Visakhapatnam, India.To make commercial polypropylene (PP) beads more vulnerable to microbiological breakdown, they were pre-treated with chemicals and radiation.Weight loss and physical structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to track degradation.Over the course of six weeks, the Bacillus cereus isolate (H23B00108) degraded untreated PP by 3%, chemically pretreated PP by 17%,combined UV and chemical pretreatment by 8.25%.Taken together, these results demonstrate that Bacillus cereus (H23B00108) has great promise as a PP degrader, lending credence to the idea that microbes can biodegrade plastic waste in a sustainable way, which is great news for PP waste management.

The sol-gel approach was used to synthesize the nanocatalyst, which was then characterized using XRD and SEM. An investigation was conducted into the optimization of transesterification parameters for the manufacture of methyl ester using edible linseed oil and non-edible neem oil. Within 180 minutes of initiating an in-situ transesterification process with linseed oil at temperature of 65 0C and a 1:10 oil-to-methanol ratio, a high yield of fatty acid methyl ester 90.0 wt%, whereas the yield of neem oil 94.0 wt% was achieved at optimized conditions. The feedstock neem oil had the greatest FAME conversion compared to linseed oil. It was found that the CaO nanocatalyst could be reused five times without a significant decrease in activity, according to the catalyst recyclability test. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) were employed to characterize the feedstock and methyl ester.